• A Summary of “The Elements of Style” by Strunk and White

    by  •  • LifeHelps • 3 Comments

    No doubt this has been done by someone else out there on the web, but I thought that for my perusal- and for my future reference- I’d jot William Strunk’s rules (with E.B.’s additions) about writing from “The Elements of Style” here.

    I. ELEMENTARY RULES OF USAGE

    1. Form the possessive singular of nouns by adding ‘s.
    2. In a series of three or more terms with a single conjunction, use a comm after each term except the last.
    3. Enclose parenthetic expressions between commas.
    4. Place a comma before a conjunction introducing an independent clause.
    5. Don not join independent clauses by a comma.
    6. Do not break sentences in two.
    7. Use a colon after an independent clause to introduce a list of particulars, an appositive, an amplification, or an illustrative quotation.
    8. Use a dash to set off an abrupt break or interruption and to announce a long appositive or summary.
    9. The number of the subject determines the number of the verb.
    10. Use the proper case of pronoun.
    11. A participial phrase at the beginning of a sentence must refer to the grammatical subject.

    II. ELEMENTARY PRINCIPLES OF COMPOSITION

    12. Choose a suitable design and hold to it.
    13. Make the paragraph the unit of composition.
    14. Use the active voice.
    15. Put statements in positive form.
    16. Use definite, specific, concrete language.
    17. Omit needless words.
    18. Avoid a succession of loose sentences.
    19. Express coordinate ideas in similar form.
    20. Keep related words together.
    21. In summaries, keep to one tense.
    22. Place the emphatic words of a sentence at the end.

    III. A FEW MATTERS OF FORM

    Guidelines related to colloquialisms, exclamations, headings, hyphens, margins, numerals, parentheses, quotations, references, syllabication, and titles.

    IV. WORDS AND EXPRESSIONS COMMONLY MISUSED

    V. AN APPROACH TO STYLE

    1. Place yourself in the background.
    2. Write in a way that comes naturally.
    3. Work from a suitable design.
    4. Write with nouns and verbs.
    5. Revise and rewrite.
    6. Do not overwrite.
    7. Do not overstate.
    8. Avoid the use of qualifiers.
    9. Do not affect a breezy manner.
    10. Use orthodox spelling.
    11. Do not explain too much.
    12. Do not construct awkward adverbs.
    13. Make sure the reader knows who is speaking.
    14. Avoid fancy words.
    15. Do not use dialect unless your ear is good.
    16. Be clear.
    17. Do not inject opinion.
    18. Use figures of speech sparingly.
    19. Do not take shortcuts at the cost of clarity.
    20. Avoid foreign languages.
    21. Prefer the standard to the offbeat.

    So as to curtail my breach of the copyright of the book, I’ll let you read the original text to pick up the book’s full wisdom, and to learn about the words and expressions that mess people up.

    The book is “The Element of Style” by William Strunk, Jr., and E.B. White 3 Ed. (Macmillan, 1979, New York, NY). You can get it here at Amazon, if you so desire.

    By the way, the work does have a picture book edition, if that helps.

    About

    A web programmer by day, I somehow still spend a lot of time thinking about relationships, God, and the significance of grace and love in daily events. I am old school in the sense that I believe in the reality of sin, and in the need of each human heart for deliverance to the Divine. I am one of those who believes that Jesus Christ is the Son of God, and that you can find most answers to life's pressing issues in Him and His Word, the Bible. I ain't perfect, and a lot of the time I ain't good, but by God's grace and kindness, I am forgiven and free.

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